PRESS STATEMENT:
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR CONFERENCE ADOPTS NEW CONCLUSIONS ON
THE INFORMAL ECONOMY
The General Conference of the International Labour Conference
of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) meeting in its
90th session in Geneva, 2002, has adopted a new approach to
the informal economy. Firstly, the original concept of the "informal
sector" which was developed by the ILO in the 1970s has
now been broadened to the concept of the whole "informal
economy".
The definition of the informal economy has been dealt with
as follows:
"Although there is no universally accurate or accepted
decription or definition, there is a broad understanding that
the term 'informal economy' accommodates considerable diversity
in terms of workers, enterprises and entrepreneurs with identifiable
characteristics. ..... Workers in the informal economy include
both wage workers and own-account workers. Most own-account
workers are as insecure and vulnerable as wage workers and
move from one situation to another. Because they lack protection,
rights and representation, these workers often remain trapped
in poverty."
(Clauses 3 & 4) Having clearly identified
the kinds of workers found in the informal economy, the report
goes on to identify various causes of the problems (Clauses 5
to 12) followed by means to address the informal economy and ways
to remove barriers to entry to formal systems (Clauses 13 to 23).&
The main thrust of the conclusions is to promote the following
policies and programmes:
-
"governments to provide an enabling framework
at national and local levels to support representational rights"
(Clause 23) This presents a big challenge, particularly with
respect to the newly-recognised category of own-account workers,
who normally find themselves outside of the scope of national
labour legislation due to the fact that they are not in an
employer-employee relationship.
-
"Public authorities should include such
organisations in public policy debates, and provide them access
to the services and infrastructure they need to operate effectively
and efficiently and protect them from harrassment or unjustified
or discriminatory eviction" (Clause 23) - a clear reference
to the relationship between street vendors and local authorities,
which has also not traditionally not been seen as a labour
or work issue in the past.
-
"Policies and programmes should focus
on bringing marginalised workers and economic units into the
economic and social mainstream ..... Statistical and other
research should be focused and designed to give effective
support to these policies and programmes" (Clause 24)
-
"To increase job quantity and quality,
emphasis should be placed on investing in people, especially
the most vulnerable" (Clause 26)
-
"Poverty reduction strategies ..... should
specifically address the problems in the informal economy"
(Clause 26)
-
"Governments have a lead responsibility
to extend the coverage of social security, in particular to
groups in the informal economy which are currently excluded"
(Clause 29)
-
"An important objective for both employers'
and workers' organisations is to extend representation throughout
the informal economy. Workers and employers in informal activities
may wish to join existing trade unions and employers' organisations,
or they may wish to form their own. Employers' and workers'
organisations play a critical role in either strategy: extending
membership and services to employers and workers in the informal
economy, and encouraging and supporting the creation and development
of new membership-based, accessible, transparent, accountable
and democratically managed representative organisations, including
bringing them into social dialogue processes." (Clause
31)
-
"The ILO approach should ..... be comprehensive
involving the promotion of rights, decent employment, social
protection and social dialogue .... (and) should focus on
assisting member States in addressing governance, employment-generation
and poverty-reduction issues" (Clause 35)
-
The efforts of the ILO should "be reflected
in the programme and regular budget and technical assistance
priorities and supported by adequate regular budget and extra-budgetary
resources" (Clause 36)
The International Co-ordinator of StreetNet (international
alliance of street vendors) Pat Horn participated in the Committee
on the Informal Economy at the ILO Conference. StreetNet is
very happy with the Conclusions on Decent Work in the Informal
Economy. These conclusions are likely to provide a clear consensual
framework for its policy discussions and organising work in
relation to street vendors throughout the world.
Issued by: Pat Horn, StreetNet
(insert StreetNet and Geneva contact details as per the last
statement)
N.B. The full conclusions are likely to be put up on the ILO
website by next week (www.ilo.org),
under the 90th session of the International Labour Conference.
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